The Angel of the North – Antony Gormley – Gateshead

Angel of the North

Angel of the North

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The Angel of the North – Antony Gormley – Gateshead

From controversial to inspirational

“The birth of the Angel marked the beginning of a great deal of change in our borough and indeed the wider region. It was the catalyst for the cultural regeneration of Gateshead Quays that led to the Gateshead Millennium Bridge, BALTIC and Sage.”

The Angel of the North is as much a part of Gateshead’s identity as the Statue of Liberty is to New York. Since it first spread its wings in February 1998, it has become one of the most talked about and recognisable pieces of public art ever produced.

It was in 1990 that the site, a former colliery pithead baths, was re-claimed and earmarked for a future sculpture. When sculptor Antony Gormley was selected as the winning artist in 1994, his designs originally caused uproar. The controversial material and site of the sculpture were frowned upon. However, once in place many people’s original views on the piece changed completely. Local residents have fallen in love with the Angel and it has become synonymous with Gateshead.

Amazing facts about the Angel of the North.

  • It is believed to be the largest angel sculpture in the world
  • It is one of the most famous artworks in the region – almost two thirds of people in the North East had already heard of the Angel of the North before it was built
  • Its 54 metre (175 foot) wingspan is bigger than a Boeing 757 or 767 jet and almost the same as a Jumbo jet
  • It is 20 metres (65 feet) high – the height of a five storey building or four double decker buses
  • It weighs 200 tonnes – the body 100 tonnes and the wings 50 tonnes each
  • There is enough steel in it to make 16 double decker buses or four Chieftain tanks
  • It will last for more than 100 years
  • It will withstand winds of more than 100 miles per hour
  • Below the sculpture, massive concrete piles 20 metres deep will anchor it to the solid rock beneath
  • It is made of weather resistant Cor-ten steel, containing a small amount of copper, which forms a patina on the surface that mellows with age
  • Huge sections of the Angel – up to six metres wide and 25 metres long – were transported to the site by lorry with a police escort
  • The total cost of The Angel of the North was £800,000.

The Artist

The sculpture was designed by internationally renowned sculptor Antony Gormley.

Antony Gormley OBE, who was born in 1950, is at the forefront of a generation of celebrated British artists who emerged during the 1980s. He has exhibited work around the world and has major public works in the USA, Japan, Australia, Norway and Eire. Public work in Britain can be seen in locations as diverse as the crypt at Winchester Cathedral and Birmingham city centre. In 1994 he won the prestigious Turner Prize and in 1997 was awarded the OBE for services to sculpture. He has exhibited in the Victoria and Albert Museum, Tate Gallery, British Museum and the Henry Moore Sculpture Gallery in Leeds.

“People are always asking, why an angel? The only response I can give is that no-one has ever seen one and we need to keep imagining them. The angel has three functions – firstly a historic one to remind us that below this site coal miners worked in the dark for two hundred years, secondly to grasp hold of the future, expressing our transition from the industrial to the information age, and lastly to be a focus for our hopes and fears – a sculpture is an evolving thing.”

Gormley said of the Angel: “The hilltop site is important and has the feeling of being a megalithic mound. When you think of the mining that was done underneath the site, there is a poetic resonance. Men worked beneath the surface in the dark. Now in the light, there is a celebration of this industry. The face will not have individual features. The effect of the piece is in the alertness, the awareness of space and the gesture of the wings – they are not flat, they’re about 3.5 degrees forward and give a sense of embrace. The most important thing is that this is a collaborative venture. We are evolving a collective work from the firms of the North East and the best engineers in the world.”

Above from: The history of the Angel of the North, Gateshead Council website.

Location;

Low Eighton, Lamesley, overlooking the A1 and A167 roads, at the southern entrance to Gateshead.

GPS;

54.9141°N

1.5895°W

How to get there;

Bus Angel 21, from Durham to Newcastle passes by the sculpture.

Although not in the United Kingdom another, even taller, public sculpture created by Gormley can be found close to the town of Lelystad, in the Netherlands. This is called Exposure, and if you visit in the winter you can understand how appropriate that name is.

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Bill Bland – anti-Revisionist writings

Bill Bland

Bill Bland

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The Great ‘Marxist-Leninist’ Theoreticians

Bill Bland (1916-2001) – anti-Revisionist writings

Bill Bland was one of those British Communists who refused to accept the Revisionism which came to power in the Union of Soviet Socialist States (USSR) with the ascendency of Nikita Khrushchev following the death of Comrade Joseph Stalin in 1953.

In 1956, at the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union – CPSU (during the so-called Secret Speech) Khrushchev laid out the line of Soviet Revisionism but due to (perhaps mistaken) efforts by those revolutionary Communists to maintain unity it was until after the Meeting of the 81 Communist and Workers Parties in Moscow, on the 16th November, 1960, (where Enver Hoxha gave one of the most principled presentations of any Marxist-Leninist in the 20th century) that Revolutionary Marxist-Leninists worldwide were finally convinced the degeneration of the CPSU was irrevocable.

Bland was involved in the Anti-Revisionist Movement in Britain and was one of the founding members of the Marxist-Leninist Organisation of Britain (MLOB). Following disagreements and splits within the MLOB Bland founded the Communist League in 1975. He also was instrumental in the formation of the Stalin Society in the UK in 1991. He was subsequently expelled from that organisation when the supporters of Mao Tse-tung became dominant.

Bland was very much pro-Enver Hoxha and anti-Mao Tse-tung. This would have caused difficulties in the period between 1961 and 1976 when the People’s Socialist Republic of Albania and the People’s Republic of China stood shoulder to shoulder in the struggle against Revisionism during what was known as the Polemic in the International Communist Movement during the 1960s.

This pro-Hoxha, pro-People’s Socialist Republic of Albania stance might have gained some credibility following the death of Chairman Mao in 1976 with the coup and the assumption of power by the ‘capitalist roaders’ in China but following the collapse of the Socialist society in Albania in 1991 the differences became academic.

Now the challenge is to get the parasites in control out of their positions. We can have the struggle between different lines of thought after that milestone has been passed. The documents below can be considered part of that forthcoming Cultural Revolution.

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Engels’ ‘Condition of the working class in England’, paper presented at the International Seminar held in Italy, December 1995 to commemorate the Centenary of the death of Frederick Engels, 39 pages.

German-Soviet Non-aggression Pact – 1939, presented to the Stalin Society in London, February 1990, 21 pages.

Lenin’s Testament – 1922-1923, n.d., 45 pages.

Manifesto of the Communist League, Where we stand, adopted December 1975, 5 pages.

Meeting of German and British Marxist-Leninists, between the Communist League of the UK and the Communist Party of Germany (Marxist-Leninist), April 1999, 2 pages.

Socialists and fascism, n.d., 2 pages.

Stalin and the arts, an extended and annotated version of a lecture given at the Stalin Society in London in May 1993, 65 pages.

Stalinism, address to the Sarat Academy in London on 30th April 1999, 5 pages.

The ‘doctors case’ and the death of Stalin, an extended and annotated version of a lecture given to the Stalin Society in October 1991, 82 pages.

The assassination of Trotsky, Compass, magazine of the Communist League, No. 110, February 1994, 16 pages.

The Cominform fights Revisionism, presented to the Stalin Society in London, ca 1998, 16 pages.

The Cominform fights Revisionism, presented to the Stalin Society in London, ca 1998, version produced by the Encyclopedia of Anti-Revisionism On-Line, 16 pages.

The enforced resettlements, a paper presented to the Stalin Society in London in July 1993, 17 pages.

The historical significance of Stalin’s ‘Economic problems of Socialism in the USSR’, n.d., 31 pages.

The market under Socialism, paper presented following a presentation by Ella Rule at the Stalin Society on Stalin’s ‘Economic problems of Socialism in the USSR’, n.d., 6 pages.

The Pakistani revolution, Report of the Central Committee of the Marxist-Leninist Organisation of Britain, ca 1969, reprinted 2001 by Alliance, 86 pages.

The question of [trade] protection, January 1992, 2 pages.

The Revolutionary process in colonial countries, a paper presented on behalf of the Communist League, at the Marxist-Leninist Seminar in London in July 1993, 17 pages.

The struggle against Revisionism in the field of linguistics, Compass, magazine of the Communist League, No. 126, February 1997, 30 pages.

The Workers Party of Korea and Revisionism, n.d., 18 pages.

United Front tactics, paper presented to the Stalin Society in London, n.d., 15 pages.

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The Great ‘Marxist-Leninist’ Theoreticians

The complete, total and absolute decline of the CPB(ML)

Gaza 2025

Gaza 2025

The complete, total and absolute decline of the CPB(ML)

An Open Letter to the Communist Party of Britain (Marxist-Leninist) in response to their Editorial of 28th November 2025.

The Communist Party of Britain (Marxist-Leninist) – CPB(ML) – has certainly come a long way since its foundation in 1968 – but not in a good way. At that time it was a true internationalist Party and saw all battles of the oppressed as part of the battle of the British working class.

In its early days (the 1960s and 70s), when it came to Palestine the Party was in the forefront of support of the people struggling under Zionist oppression and instead of concentrating exclusively (as you suggest in your editorial ‘Palestine; a dangerous obsession’ of 28th November 2025) upon national issues was the very organisation that set up the Palestine Solidarity Committee – the forerunner of the present Palestine Solidarity Campaign.

Why the Party lost the leadership of that organisation in 1982 I don’t know – but possibly due to the deterioration of the Party following it’s Congress of that year when it reversed its policy on both the Labour Party and the Soviet Union. That loss of focus and perspective probably contributed to its deteriorating approach on other international issues.

However, even with the Party losing its revolutionary perspective it never sunk so low as it has now with the publication of the most recent editorial.

The very first line just repeats the anti-Palestinian and pro-Zionist ‘argument’ that the attack by Hamas on October 7th 2023 was in some ways unjustified. Shouldn’t an organisation that pretends to be revolutionary accept that oppressed people have the right to take up arms against their oppressors? The idea that some of the Zionists caught up in the action on October 7th were ‘innocent’ is irrelevant when we take into account that; they are all settlers, or the descendants of settlers, and therefore were living and thriving on stolen land; the myth the kibbutzim were some sort of Socialist collective experiment was only promoted in the past to disguise colonialism; and the polls taken in the Zionist settler state after more than two years of genocide and ethnic cleansing show the over whelming majority of the population (more than 80%) are in favour of the murder and/or the expulsion of ALL the Palestinians from their land.

And when there is an ongoing genocide and ethnic cleansing how is it possible for any working class, in any country, let alone one such as Britain with its imperial and colonial history, to say that there is a ‘dangerous obsession’ in trying to bring it to an end.

Anyone with a shred of humanity should be doing all they can to bring an end of this crime and to bring the perpetrators to justice. Let alone someone who might call themselves a Communist – whose essence is internationalism – who should be in solidarity with those oppressed and exploited wherever they might be in the world.

From the tone of the editorial the CPM(ML) is in support of the Labourite cretin Starmer in building up the military industrial complex in the UK. This would provide many jobs, often highly skilled and highly paid, to British citizens so that various fascist countries around the world can kill with ease their own populations. Is that the sort of internationalism the CPB(ML) now espouses?

But by labelling international support movements as a ‘dangerous obsession’ the CPB(ML) also seems to have forgotten the role that such activity plays in the building of an indigenous revolutionary movement.

The involvement of people in international issues, especially in something as egregious as the slaughter, genocide and ethnic cleansing in Gaza, is also an opportunity for a supposed revolutionary organisation to draw the connection between what happens in other parts of the world to what is happening in our own country. There is a direct correlation between the actions and policies of capitalism and imperialism in Palestine to the actions and policies of the Starmerite government in Britain. This is obvious in the manner in which the Labourite government – and the Tories before them – have reacted to events in the Middle East.

The continued export of armaments needed by the Zionist settler state to carry out its murderous activities on land and in the air; the continued intelligence sharing between British spy planes and the Zionist Mossad; the proscription of Palestine Action as a terrorist organisation and the consequent suppression of ‘free speech’; the refusal to accept that the IDF attacks on the humanitarian flotillas are acts of piracy together with the denial of assistance to British citizens mistreated on these boats; the refusal of both Starmer and Lammy to accept many international organisations definition of the activity of the Zionist in Gaza as acts of genocide under the definition contained in Article II of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide of 1948; the claim that Lammy is ‘unaware’ of the hunger strike taking place by those members of Palestine Action who are being kept on remand for an indeterminate period for actions to prevent the genocide; are all indications that there is no separation from what is happening in Gaza and in any of the capitalist countries. If you don’t do as we say we will crush you – up to and including your physical elimination.

Further to that all the tactics that the Zionist settler state has used over the years to monitor and attempt to control the population in Gaza; the use of drones; the use of facial recognition technology to attempt to predict how people are thinking; the use of remote killing machines to kill at a distance; the use of Artificial Intelligence to target those who the state considers a threat; all these are now being sold to capitalist countries as being war tested and which have been refined even more in the last two years of genocide in Gaza.

Already we, in Britain, are seeing that experience and ‘expertise’ being put to use on the streets of Britain with Live Facial Recognition being introduced by an increasing number of the country’s police authorities (including London and Liverpool) and the proposals to use drones as aids in surveillance. These technologies have almost certainly been used already to monitor those who attend demonstrations against the slaughter in Palestine and would be used if the supine British working class (the people on whom the CPB(ML) claims to speak) were ever to take any real and meaningful action against the Government’s re-imposition of austerity measures.

If we thought the revisionists of the Soviet (and then the Chinese kind) were bad the new revisionists (which more appropriately should be called traitors) of Marxism-Leninism, exemplified by the CPB(ML), take that distortion of Marxism to a new and despicable level.

The betrayal that the CPB(ML) began in the early 1980s of all that it promoted in its initial years, the principles of the founders (Marx and Engels) of the revolutionary theory of the working class, built upon and expanded by Comrades Lenin, Stalin, Hoxha and Mao, has now been well and truly trodden into the mud by the present leadership of the CPM(ML).

Marx, rightly, believed that the British working class would never be free unless their country’s oppression of the Irish was resolved. Today it is equally true that no working class in the world will be free unless they address the exploitation and oppression of the Palestinian people. In Britain, only when the British working class fully understand and support the struggle of the Palestinian people will they be able to travel along the road of their own emancipation.

Long live the struggle of the Palestinian People!

From the River to the Sea – Palestine will be free!